UAAN
Comm. Model
Shared Comm.
Control Comm.
Video Comm.
Part 1
Communication Model and Requirements
When drones perform services such as delivery, inspection, and filming at low altitudes, the sky will not only be filled with “my drone,” but also with numerous drones flying simultaneously.
If you rely on public (unlicensed) frequencies like Wi-Fi as you do now, the control or video may be cut off when surrounding signals overlap.
Therefore, ISO/IEC 4005-1 (Part 1) presents a 'wireless distributed communication model' that allows drones and surrounding elements such as ground stations, facilities, and obstacles to communicate with each other reliably and immediately without having to centrally allocate channels.
This model is based on licensed frequency bands and aims to use communication resources more reliably when needed and significantly reduce the possibility of collisions.
And it pinpoints four criteria that drone communications must meet: Immediacy, Performance, Generality, and Size, Weight, and Power (SWAP) that can be carried on a drone.
In short, Part 1 is a “blueprint for secure connectivity,” which will become increasingly important as the number of drones in the sky increases.
Part 2
Shared Communication Physical and Data Link Protocols
When drones perform tasks such as deliveries and inspections at low altitudes, numerous drones will be flying simultaneously.
In such an environment (Level II), since the center does not share communication channels, communication rules are essential to exchange information with the surroundings immediately when necessary.
ISO/IEC 4005-2 (Part 2) defines “shared communication” to enable all drone-related entities to communicate and exchange information with one another under the same set of rules.
So drones can move more safely by communicating with each other, as well as with the controller, ground equipment, landing site, and obstacle devices.
Rather than relying on public Wi-Fi, this shared communication aims to reduce collisions and increase stability by using distributed wireless communication based on licensed frequency bands.
Part 3
Control Communication Physical and Data Link Protocols
When drones start offering commercial services at low altitudes, it becomes common for many people to fly their own drones in the same airspace—without a central controller.
The most dangerous moments happen when signals overlap, causing control commands to be delayed or lost.
ISO/IEC 4005-3 (Part 3) defines rules for control communication, so that even if drones and controllers are spread out across the sky, they can still send and receive control signals reliably without serious interference.
The key idea is a multi-channel structure that divides control channels.
This lets each drone–controller pair keep its own communication link without “taking over” someone else’s signal.
Like the other parts, this control communication doesn’t rely on public Wi-Fi.
Instead, it uses licensed frequency bands with wireless distributed communication to reduce interference and increase reliability.
Part 4
Video Communication Physical and Data Link Protocols
As drones provide various services at low altitudes, it will become natural for multiple people to fly their own drones simultaneously.
In this case, the video transmitted by drones is not simply a matter of “image quality,” but rather becomes key information that determines on-site judgment and safety.
ISO/IEC 4005-4 (Part 4) defines the rules for “video communication” to ensure the reliable transmission of video from drones scattered throughout the air to a common controller (receiver) without significant interference.
The key is to design a multi-channel structure that divides the video channel into several parts, so that each drone-receiver pair can maintain independent video transmission without being entangled with other teams' links.
This video communication also aims to reduce collisions and increase reliability by assuming wireless distributed communication based on licensed frequency bands rather than relying on public Wi-Fi.